Nikolai Znamenskiy

A screen adaptation of excerpts from Jack London's dystopian novel of the same name describing the rise of the Oligarchy (the "Iron Heel") in the United States. The film was meant to be screened during theatre performances performed by the same actors.

"Polikushka" was the only film directed by Aleksandr Sanin, one of Moscow Art Academic Theatre's founders, and is based on Lev Tolstoy's homonym short story. In spite the many differences between the literary oeuvre and its film adaptation it is a remarkable work that is outstanding for its depiction of the cruel realities of Russian society -the harsh life condition of its main character and his family in contrast to the wealth of his mistress;

Based on the story of the same name by I. S. Turgenev. The movie has not survived.